Band groove serrating machine



Dec. 5, 1950 M. s. EVANS ETAL 2,532,397

BAND GROOVE SERRATING MACHINE Filed May 10, 1944 2 sheets-sheet 1 BM ATTORNEY w 2 ,mm/,M m 3, t wm v .mh .n 2 vrLe N 3 .,m m R 5I SK o 2 w e n A /7orrzs raltam 0. Edmund Dec. 5, 1950 M s EVANS Erm.

BAND GRoovE SERRATING MACHINE Filed May 1o, 1944 Patented Dec. 5, 1950 BAND. GRID OVE l SERRATING MACHINE Morris S. Evans, Abraham 0. Kleckner and? Edmund A. Watson, Buffalo, N; Y., assignox'sto American Gar and ll'oundry` Company, New' York, N. Y., a corporatiomofNew. Jersey' Application May 10, 1944, Serial No. 534,926

This invention relates to a machine for'placserrations in the bottom ofthe band groove The proper iinishing of high explosive ammunitihn, particularly shells, depends on proper fastening of the rotating or driving band, which isi` usually made of non-ferrous material'. In some instancesa wavybead isapplied, cut directlyl into-the band seat of theshell; in others ka notchor Serf-ation in relatively large numbers, equally spacedf around the circumference of the groove which holds theY band, and parallel" to the longitudinal axis of the shell, is applied; In either'case special devices must be used for making'thewaves orserraticns. The axially extending'n'otclies ors'errations cannot be cut by existing machines due to the narrovvness oi4 the groove, nor can these notches be economically cut by any existing machines. It is an object, therefore, of the present invention to provide a machine for cutting axially extending serrations offequal depth and spacing throughout substantially the entire width of the shell groove bottom.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a machine for placing serrations in a shell' groove by opposed tools acting in unison whereby no special' holding arrangement or clamp isreouired for the shell,

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a machine for placing serrations in a shell grooveby means of tools operated by predetermined and equal pressures.

These and other objects of the invention will be=apparent to persons skilled in the art from a` study ofthe following description' and accompanyingA drawings, in` which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the improved machine Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machinefwith the shell being shown in section at the groove zone;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged side View of the indexing portion of the machine, and

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic View showing thel controis for the operation of the machine.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, it `will be vseen that the machine consists of a base 2 upenwhich is rigidly mounted two spaced apart upright plates buttressed to the base by' gusset members E. The plates li are substantially square and are joined together by means of heavy tension rods 3 extending through the plates adjacent the corners and held in position by nuts I0 whereby any separating movement of plates 4v is prevented. Rigidly mounted upon the inner face `of each plate is a heavy pan-shaped casting lli?, having thec'entral? portion iinished to provide a cylinder I4. Slidably' mounted within the cylinderfis a" ram or piston l5 to which. is bolted aplate IB', clampingin position a gasket 2D. The headV end of cylinder l'liV has an opening bored therethrough andl adapted to receive a rod 22 anchored` atl one end" in ram or piston It and connected at" the opposite end to a piston 24 reciprocating within. a cylinder 2B' anchoredupon the'backface of plateilf. A stuing box or'similar seal` preventslealiage' of pressure from cylinder I-l pastrodfZZ, while alimiting stop 28 surrounding rodi 22` insures the maintenance of a head space betwecnthe bottom of the cylinder I4 and thelpistonA orram carried plate lill The thickness of stop Z8- maybe varied in order to limit theretmrn` motion of the ram to any desired amount; Outward motion of the ram beyond the ends of the cylinders Hl is prevented by means-of` ahead' ring' Eil? secured to casting i2 by studbolts" 32'; `This head ring prevents blowing.4 outA of the `pistonV or ram i@ and may be utilized as"t a stopJ limiting outward motion of the rami orpiston.

Mountedupon' the machine base, intermediate plates t, is af standard Sli having a pan-shaped depression 36l formed in the upper surface and having the rim concentric with a central' bore 33'; A- turntable member dil is rotatably mounted in the pan-like depression and has a stud 42 extending ntothe bore 38'. The turntable is of itself` provided with an upwardly open panshapedidepression if adapted to receive the base of a shell'S, as clearly shown in Fig. l. Secured to the turntable Gisfa ratchet wheel iii having ratchetteeth i8 formed on the periphery and of such a-si'ze as to give the proper spacing for the serration'sllaterY to be referred' to.

Extending outwardly from one side of the standard 3:2 isla bracket? dfi, upon which is slidablymounteda slide member 52 having an arm 54' extending outwardly beyond the bracket. Pivotallyfmounted upon slide Eii'sA a click 56 havinga tootheengagingportion 5B adaptedto en'- gage the" teeth of the ratchet wheel. is'` constantly' urged into engagement with the ratchet Wheel teeth by means of a at spring iii?. Rigidlyimcunted'upon thebra'cket 5i] is a spring urgedplungeror pawl @t adapted to ccoperatewith theraitchet teeth and prevent any backwardmotion of theratchet wheel. Arm .34 of7 the-slide-member is pierced to receive a rod fitadiustably connected to an armet bolted or otherwise securedV to one of" the' rams or pistons Id: Since the motion ofthe slide and its con- The click nected arm i is limited so that the click may engage one tooth only of the ratchet Wheel, it is necessary that a spring @il be provided. This spring, as shown most clearly in Fig. 2, surrounds the rod ed and has one end in engagement with an abutment le anchored on the rod and the other end in engagement with the pierced arm 54. In this manner the spring GS insures movement of the slide and click suflicient to engage one tooth of the ratchet wheel while permitting excessive relative movement between rod 64 and arm 54.

The outer ends of rams or pistons I6 have secured thereto tool holding blocks l2, upon the face of which are mounted hardened knives 14. These knives are vertically adjustable with respect to the tool holders so that they may be properly positioned with respect to the groove l5 of the shell S. ln cases Where different diameter shells are to be serrated, the tools and tool holders may be changed as Well as the turntable 4Q upon which the shell rests.

As most clearly shown in Fig. Il, the cylinders are connected by pipes 8G to a source of pressure, such as an air reservoir, and the pipes enter these cylinders beneath the pistons 2 so as to constantly urge the pistons outwardly and with a substantially constant pressure. It will, of course, be obvious that springs could be substituted for the fluid pressure medium, but would not give a constant pressure acting to return the rams it, Piping 82 is connected to cylinders i4 and enter the castings i2 so as to supply pressure to the head space between the cylinder I4 and the head of ram or piston I6. The piping 82 is fed by a pipe lill connected to a source of high pressure (not shown) and the pressure medium is controlled by a valve 86. Pressure gauge 88 is connected to pipe 35i between the control valve and cylinders le, While a safety or relief valve 9G is also connected to pipe all between the valve and cylinders. The valve 8S will be of the type having a discharge port so that the supply of high pressure medium to and from cylinders I4 may be controlled. The safety or relief valve 9E! will be of the adiustable type and can be so adjusted as to limit the pressure in piping 82 to a predetermined value. The pressure to be obtained in piping s2 will be selected in accordance with the exact depth of serrations 52 which it is desired to have the tools 'M cut in the shell groove '55. It will, of course, be obvious that a pressure reducing valve may be substituted for the relief valve all, in which case it would be inserted in pipe 84 ahead of control valve 86.

In operating the machine it is only necessary that a shell having groove 'i5 cut therein be lowered into position on turntable lill, then the operatcr will open valve 35 sending high pressure into cylinders l forcing rams or pistons l outwardly. Outward movement of the rams Will force tools hl into the metal forming the bottom of the grooves it. Since cylinders lil are connected with relatively large diameter and short length pipes, it is obvious that tools 'iii Will be forced into the metal with equal pressures. Since the tools 'lll act on the shell metal with equal pressure, the shell will be held centered and accordingly the mere resting of the shell on the turntable is suii'd cient. It is necessary that the serrations 92 be of a certain definite depth and this depth can be obtained by proper adjustment of the relief valve gli, which Will limit the maximum pressure obtainable in cylinders lil. Once this maximum pressure has been determined, it is only necessary to see that the tools 14 are of the same contour and remain reasonably sharp. Upon movement of the pistons l5 toward the shell the arm 66 will move and cause spring S8 to move the slide 52 as far as is permitted by bracket 50, that is, suiiicient for the click 55 to engage the next adjacent tooth of the ratchet Wheel 45. Continued motion of arm 66 will merely compress spring 68. As soon as the relief valve functions, the operator turns orf the source of pressure at valve Se and moves it to a discharging position, permitting the pressure to be bled from cylinders lli. Bleeding of the pressure will permit the constant pressure source to move pistons 2d retracting the rams or pistons I5 and moving tools 'i4- out of grooves '56. During return motion of the rams, arm 66 will through rod and arm 5d cause click 56 to move the ratchet Wheel and connected turntable a distance equal to one tooth space. During rotation of the ratchet Wheel the stop pawl E52 Will be retracted and will then engage the next adjacent tooth preventing any backward rotation or shifting of the turntable. The parts of the mechanism are again in condition for a repetition of the cycle of operations just described. It will be obvious that the machine may be readily adapted to operate on different size shells by merely changing the tools and tool holders as Well as the turntable and ratchet wheels in case the spacing number of serrations per shell is to be varied. Since the tools 'M must operate on the shell in direct opposition and with equal pressure, it is obvious that the shell more or less floats between the tools and the mere resting of the shell on the turntable is suflicient to insure proper placement of the serrations 92.

While the machine has been described more or less in detail, it Will be obvious to persons skilled in the art that various modications and rearrangements of parts may be made and all such modications and rearrangements of parts are contemplated as will fall Within the scope of the appended claims defining our invention.

What is claimed is:

l. In a serrating machine, a pair of opposed inner cylinders, a pair of opposed outer cylinders spaced from and horizontally aligned with said inner pair of cylinders, a piston in each of said cylinders, means rigidly connecting the pistons of the inner .pair cf cylinders with the pistons of the outer pair of cylinders, opposed serrating tools carried by the pistons of the inner pair oiI opposed cylinders, a horizontal turntable for supporting the object to be serrated located intermediate the opposed serrating tools, a source of controlled high pressure connected with said inner pair of cylinders for moving the pistons therein to advance the opposed serrating tools in unison to impress serrations upon the object, and a source of continuous relatively lower pressure connected with said outer pair of cylinders acting against the pistons therein to constantly urge the serrating tools toward retracted position.

2. In a serrating machine, a pair of opposed inner cylinders, a pair of opposed outer cylinders spaced from and horizontally aligned with said inner pair of cylinders, a piston in each of said cylinders, means rigidly connecting the pistons of the inner pair of cylinders with the pistons of the outer pair of cylinders, opposed serrating tools carried by the pistons oi the inner pair of opposed cylinders, a horizontal turntable for supporting the object to be serrated located intermediate the opposed serrating tools, a source of controlled high pressure connected with said inner pair of cylinders for moving the pistons therein te advance said opposed serrating tools in unison to impress serrations upon the object, a source of continuous relatively lower pressure connected with said outer pair of cylinders acting against the pistons therein to constantly urge the serrating tools toward retracted position, means mounted at a side of the machine for rotating the turntable a predetermined amount in one direction, and means carried by the piston of one of said inner cylinders connected with and adapted to operate said turntable rotating means during retracting movement of the serrating tools.

3. In a serrating machine, opposed reciprocable serrating tools, a standard located intermediate the opposed serrating tools, a horizontal turntable for supporting the object to be serrated mounted on the standard, means for advancing the opposed serrating tools in unison to impress serrations upon the object, means constantly urging the serrating tools toward retracted position, a ratchet wheel fixed around the periphery of the turntable, a bracket extending from the standard adjacent said ratchet Wheel, a slide member mounted on the bracket, a spring-pressed click pivotally connected to the slide member and engaging said ratchet Wheel for rotation of the turntable a predetermined amount in one direction, and means including an arm secured to one of the serrating tools operatively connected with the slide member for actuating the click to rotate the turntable during retraction of the serrating tools.

4. In a serrating machine, a pair of opposed inner cylinders, a pair of opposed outer cylinders spaced from and horizontally aligned with said inner pair of cylinders, a piston in each of said cylinders, means rigidly connecting the pistons of the inner pair of cylinders with the pistons of the outer pair of cylinders, opposed serrating tools carried by the pistons of the inner pair of opposed cylinders, a standard located intermediate the opposed serrating tools, a horizontal turntable for supporting the object to be serrated mounted on said standard, a source of controlled high pressure connected with said inner pair of cylinders for moving the pistons therein to advance the serrating tools in unison to impress serrations upon the object, a source of continuous relatively lower pressure connected with said outer pair of cylinders acting against the pistons therein to constantly urge the serrating tools toward retracted position, a ratchet Wheel fixed around the periphery of the turntable, a bracket extending from said standard adjacent the ratchet wheel, a slide member mounted on the bracket, a spring-pressed click pivotally connected to the slide member and engaging said ratchet wheel for rotation of the turntable a predetermined amount in one direction, and means including an arm secured to the piston of one of the inner cylinders operatively connected with the slide member` for actuating the click to rotate the turntable during retraction of the serrating tools.

5. In a serrating machine, opposed reciprocable serrating tools, a standard located intermediate the opposed serrating tools, a horizontal turntable for supporting the object to be serrated mounted on the standard, means for advancing the opposed serrating tools in unison to impress serrations upon the object, means constantly f urging the serrating tools toward retracted position, a ratchet Wheel xed around the periphery of the turntable, a bracket extending from the standard adjacent said ratchet wheel, a slide member mounted on the bracket, a springpressed click pivotally connected to the slide member' and engaging said ratchet wheel for rotation of the turntable a predetermined. amount in one direction, and arm extending laterally from one of the serrating tools, and a rod adjustably connected at one end with the end of said arm and having a lost motion connection at its other end with the slide member for actuating the click to rotate said turntable during retraction 0f the serrating tools.

MORRIS S. EVANS.

. ABRAHAM O. KLECKNER.

EDMUND A. WATSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 123,822 Greenwood Feb. 20, 1872 435,573 Tyler Sept. 2, 1890 551,066 Tyler Dec. 10, 1895 1,233,343 Grenelle July 17, 1917 1,428,219' Crawford Sept. 5, 1922 1,843,675 Hosking Feb. 2, 1932 1,913,591 Graf .lune 13, 1933 2,203,956 Gettig et al. June 11, 1940 2,225,426 Aronson Dec. 17, 1940 2,291,382 Duglin July 28, 1942 2,291,803 Grotnes Aug. 4, 1942 2,318,445 Wintriz May 4, 1943 2,319,677 Gup May 18, 1943 2,386,296 Fazi Oct. 9, 1945 2,386,432 Bullock Oct. 9, 1945 2,390,420 Burke Dec. 4, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 17,388 Great Britain July 29, 1913 368,287

Great Britain 1932 

